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Basic rules in foundation design as per standards | structural design | civil engineering
The foundation is the structure which is exists below the earth. Foundation design is the one of the most important concept for calculating the reinforcement values for the footing. Depending upon the various standards and various code provisions the reinforcement values of the foundation changes. Basically the amount of steel required for the footing is completely depends upon the gravity load which is acts in vertical direction from top to bottom in the buildings. In this article i will explain you basic rules in foundation design as per standards. The complete concept of what is depth of foundation for various floors is explained in my previous post please read complete concept below.
What is depth of foundation for different floors in building design?
In this article you can able to learn the complete concepts related to the basic rules we need to consider in building foundation design as per the standards. The basic rules in column design are classified in to three categories which are listed below
- Basic rules in dimensions of footing
- Basic rules in reinforcement of footing and concrete cover
- Basic rules in materials and other properties
Basic rules in foundation as per dimensions
This is the first category in the basic rules in foundation design. Basically dimensions of the foundation are the values of length, width and height in footing. These values are changes for different floors. If the building is constructed for ground floor only it is having minimum values and if it is high rise structure than it is having maximum values. As per the code provisions the minimum dimensions of footing is taken as minimum of 1m in length direction, minimum of 1m in width direction and minimum of 1m in depth direction. These values are applicable for ground floor building structure only.
Basic rules in foundation as per reinforcement of footing and concrete cover
This is the second category in the foundation rules as per standards. Under this type again it has three basic rules related to the thickness of concrete block, minimum diameter of reinforcement bars and minimum foundation thickness.
Minimum thickness of concrete block
In the foundation construction initially we need to make concrete block in foundation pit with suitable grade of concrete mixture like M10 or M15 depending upon the loading on the structure. For the ground floor building as per the standards we need to take minimum of 50mm thick concrete block initially.
Minimum diameter of reinforcing bars
For the foundation footing design related to the ground floor structure we need to consider minimum of 8mm or 10mm diameter bar in both X and Y direction with suitable center to center distance like 120mm or 150mm etc.
Minimum thickness of foundation
The thickness of foundation for the ground floor building is considered under the minimum requirements. Under this case the foundation thickness value is considered as 400mm value.
Basic rules as per materials and other properties
This is the third and last category for the minimum requirements of foundation design under this again it contains specifications like minimum concrete grade, PCC bed construction and minimum grade of concrete for PCC.
Minimum grade of the concrete
For the foundation design the grade of the concrete values are depends upon the various parameters like loading condition, geometry of building and usage of building like residential, commercial or education etc.
For the ground floor building the minimum of M20 grade concrete is considered as per the code provisions for the footing.
PCC bed construction
The PCC bed in building structure is constructed initially and then foundation was building on the PCC bed under considerations.
Minimum grade of PCC bed
For the foundation design we will take the minimum grade of the concrete is M20 as per standards. And the PCC bed concrete is less than M20 grade concrete like M15 grade concrete or M10 grade concrete specifications are considered for the PCC bed for the ground floor building section as per IS code provisions.
The complete concepts of basic rules in RCC foundation design are explained in my YouTube channel Civil engineering by shravan please watch full details below.
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Conclusions of basic rules in RCC foundation design as per Standards
Well now the above explained concepts are related to basic rules in RCC foundation design as per standards. The basic key rules are classified in to three categories related to the basic rules in dimensions of footing, basic rules in reinforcement of footing and concrete cover and basic rules in materials and other properties.
The dimensions of footing minimum are considered as less than 1m in length, width and height direction. 50mm minimum concrete block is taken in minimum considerations. 8mm or 10mm diameter bars are utilized for the foundation design, minimum thickness of foundation is considered as 400mm as per standards under reinforcement and cover category, under last category related to the material properties and other types the grade of concrete should be taken as minimum of M20 grade for foundation, foundation is constructed after the PCC bed and the minimum grade of the concrete for the PCC should be taken as M10 for the ground floor building structure. So these are all key points related to the minimum standards of RCC foundation as per code provisions.
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